Category: Index
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Forces
Forces are the “push” and “pull” interactions responsible for the motion and deformation of objects. They play a central role in classical mechanics, as well as in various engineering disciplines. Forces are vectors. This means they have both a magnitude and a direction. However, on this page, we will only treat the magnitude of each…
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Fluid Statics
Fluid statics, also known as hydrostatics, is the branch of physics that studies fluids at rest or in equilibrium. It examines the forces acting on fluid elements, particularly the effects of pressure and gravity. Fluid statics is essential for understanding various phenomena in engineering, geophysics, and atmospheric sciences. Pressure in Fluids The pressure at a…
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Fluid Dynamics
Fluid dynamics is the branch of physics that studies the motion of fluids (liquids and gases) and the forces acting upon them. It has applications in various fields, including engineering, meteorology, oceanography, and astrophysics. Fluid Properties To understand fluid dynamics, it’s essential to be familiar with the fundamental properties of fluids: Continuity Equation The continuity…
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Fermions
Fermions are a class of elementary particles that obey Fermi-Dirac statistics and are subject to the Pauli Exclusion Principle. They are one of the two basic types of particles in the universe, the other being bosons. Fermions include particles like quarks and leptons, which make up matter, as well as their antiparticles. Fermi-Dirac Statistics and…
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Faraday’s Law
Faraday’s Law of Electromagnetic Induction describes how a changing magnetic field can induce an electromotive force (EMF) in a conducting loop. It is one of the four Maxwell’s equations that form the basis of classical electromagnetism. Faraday’s Law: Basic Concepts When a magnetic field changes in time, it creates a circulating electric field that can…
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Elementary Particles
Elementary particles are the fundamental building blocks of matter and the carriers of the fundamental forces in the universe. They are the smallest known particles and cannot (currently) be broken down into smaller constituents. Understanding elementary particles is crucial for exploring the fundamental nature of the universe and its underlying laws. This page provides an…
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Electromagnetic Radiation
Electromagnetic radiation is a form of energy that propagates as oscillating electric and magnetic fields. This phenomenon encompasses a wide range of wavelengths and frequencies, including radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays. Electromagnetic radiation plays a crucial role in numerous natural processes and practical applications, from astronomy and communications to…
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Electromagnetic Induction
Electromagnetic induction is a phenomenon in electromagnetism that occurs when a change in a magnetic field induces an electromotive force (EMF) in a conductor. It was discovered by Michael Faraday in 1831 and forms the basis for many practical applications, such as the generation of electrical energy, transformers, and inductive sensors. Faraday’s Law of Electromagnetic…
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Electric Potential
Electric potential, also known as voltage, is a fundamental concept in electromagnetism that describes the electric potential energy per unit of electric charge at a specific point in space due to a distribution of charges. It is a scalar quantity that plays a crucial role in understanding electric fields and the behavior of charged particles…
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Electric Field
The electric field is a concept which describes the influence that a charged object exerts on other charged objects around it. More specifically, it is a vector field that determines the force experienced by a charged particle when placed in its vicinity. Basic Concepts of Electric Field The electric field is a vector field that…