Tag: Gluons
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Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD)
Introduction Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) is a theory in theoretical physics t hat describes the interactions of quarks and gluons, the fundamental particles that make up protons, neutrons, and other particles. The term “chromodynamics” comes from the Greek word “chroma,” meaning color, as quarks carry a type of charge known as “color charge.” Fundamental Concepts and…
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Neutrons
Introduction Neutrons are subatomic particles that, along with protons, make up atomic nuclei. Neutrons are neutral, carrying no net electric charge. Basic Properties Neutrons are slightly more massive than protons. The mass of a neutron is approximately: Since neutrons carry no net electric charge, their electric charge is 0. Structure and Composition Neutrons are also…
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Protons
Introduction Protons are subatomic particles with positive electric charge. They reside with neutrons within the atomic nucleus, with electrons “orbiting” around them. Basic Properties The proton carries a positive charge, denoted as , where is the elementary charge. The value of the elementary charge is: The mass of a proton is significantly greater than that…
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Gluons
Introduction Gluons are elementary particles that mediate the strong interaction, one of the four fundamental forces of nature. They are the force carriers of the strong nuclear force, much like photons are for the electromagnetic force. Properties of Gluons Gluons are bosons, particles with integer spin, and they possess a property known as color charge.…