Tag: Kramers Theorem

  • Kramers Degeneracy

    Introduction Kramers degeneracy is a cornerstone theorem in quantum mechanics, which states that the energy levels of a half-integer spin system are at least doubly degenerate in the presence of time-reversal symmetry. The theorem is named after the Dutch physicist Hendrik Kramers, who first postulated it in 1930. Basics of Quantum Degeneracy In quantum mechanics,…