Tag: Quantization of Energy
-
Magnons
Introduction Magnons are quasiparticles associated with the collective excitation of electron spin waves in a magnetic lattice. They are the fundamental excitation of a spin system and carry both energy and spin. Quantum Description of Magnons The energy of a magnon is quantized in units of , where is the frequency of the spin wave.…
-
Phonons
Introduction Phonons are quasiparticles that represent the quantization of vibrational modes in a crystal lattice. These vibrations contribute significantly to the thermal and electrical properties of materials. Phonon as a Quantum Harmonic Oscillator At low energies, the vibrations of a crystal lattice can be described by harmonic oscillators. When quantum mechanics is applied to these…
-
Planck’s Constant
Introduction Planck’s constant, denoted by , is a fundamental constant of nature that plays a central role in the theory of quantum mechanics. It is named after the German physicist Max Planck, who first proposed its existence. Planck’s constant is a measure of the granularity of the physical world at the microscopic level, and it…