Author: Tru Physics

  • Young-Laplace Equation

    Introduction The Young-Laplace equation describes the capillary pressure difference sustained across the interface between two static fluids, such as water and air, due to surface tension. Basic Concept: Surface Tension Surface tension is a property of liquids that causes the surface to behave as if it were covered by a stretched elastic membrane. It is…

  • Xenon Lamp

    Introduction A xenon lamp is a type of gas discharge lamp that uses xenon, a noble gas, as its primary light source. Xenon lamps are known for their high brightness, broad spectrum of emitted light, and long operational lifespan. Working Principle of Xenon Lamps The fundamental operation of a xenon lamp involves passing an electric…

  • Infrared (IR) Radiation

    Introduction Infrared (IR) radiation is a type of electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths longer than visible light but shorter than microwave radiation. The term “infrared” means “below red,” as red is the color with the longest wavelength in the visible light spectrum. Properties of Infrared Radiation The wavelength range of infrared radiation is typically considered to…

  • Decibel (Unit)

    Introduction The decibel (dB) is a unit of measurement used to express the logarithmic ratio between two values. It is widely used in various fields such as acoustics, electronics, and signal processing to quantify the levels of power, intensity, and voltage among others. This logarithmic nature of the decibel makes it particularly useful for describing…

  • Zwicky’s Dark Matter Hypothesis

    Introduction The concept of dark matter was first proposed by Swiss astrophysicist Fritz Zwicky in 1933. Observing the Coma galaxy cluster, Zwicky noted that the visible mass of the galaxies within the cluster was insufficient to account for the cluster’s observed dynamics. He suggested that much of the mass must be in some unseen form,…

  • Zeta Potential

    Introduction Zeta potential is a key concept in electrochemistry, colloid science, and surface science. It is a measure of the effective electrical charge of particles in a fluid, and it plays a crucial role in understanding the stability of colloidal suspensions. Basics of Zeta Potential Definition The zeta potential is defined as the electrostatic potential…

  • Tsirelson’s Bound

    Introduction Tsirelson’s bound is a fundamental concept in the theory of quantum mechanics and quantum information theory. Named after the mathematician Boris Tsirelson, this bound provides a limit to the quantum mechanical correlation that can be achieved between two separated systems, playing a key role in distinguishing quantum theory from other possible physical theories. Mathematical…

  • Speed of Light

    Introduction The speed of light, typically denoted by , is a fundamental constant of nature that represents the speed at which light travels in a vacuum. It is an important concept in many areas of physics, such as electromagnetism and relativity. Value and Units The speed of light in a vacuum is defined to be…

  • Problem 10.3 – Griffith’s Intro to QM

    Problem 10.3 Prove Equation 10.33, starting with Equation 10.32. Hint: Exploit the orthogonality of the Legendre polynomials to show that the coefficients with different values of must separately vanish. Solution: Problem 10.3 Solution (Download)

  • Problem 10.1 – Griffith’s Intro to QM

    Problem 10.1 Rutherford scattering. An incident particle of charge and kinetic energy scatters off a heavy stationary particle of charge (a) Derive the formula relating the impact parameter to the scattering angle. Answer: (b) Determine the differential scattering cross-section. Answer: (c) Show that the total cross-section for Rutherford scattering is infinite. Solution: Problem 10.1 Solution…