Author: Tru Physics
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Alpha Decay
Introduction Alpha decay is a type of radioactive decay in which an atomic nucleus emits an alpha particle and transforms into a new nucleus. An alpha particle is identical to the nucleus of a helium atom, consisting of two protons and two neutrons. Alpha Decay Equation The general equation for alpha decay is: where is…
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Adiabatic Process
Introduction An adiabatic process in thermodynamics is one in which no heat is exchanged between a system and its surroundings. The word “adiabatic” comes from Greek roots meaning “impassable,” referring to the heat transfer. This concept is of paramount importance in the study of thermodynamics, heat engines, and atmospheric physics. Adiabatic Condition The condition for…
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Standard Model
Introduction The Standard Model of particle physics is a theoretical framework that describes the fundamental particles and forces that make up the universe, excluding gravity. It is a well-tested model that has had remarkable success in predicting and explaining a vast array of physical phenomena. Fundamental Particles The Standard Model includes two main types of…
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Stern-Gerlach Experiment
Introduction The Stern-Gerlach experiment, conducted by Otto Stern and Walther Gerlach in 1922, is a fundamental experiment in quantum mechanics. It demonstrated the quantization of angular momentum and provided early evidence for the existence of spin, a quantum property of particles. Principle of the Experiment The experiment involves passing a beam of particles (in the…
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Scattering Theory
Introduction Scattering theory is a framework in physics that is used to study and understand the interactions of particles and fields. It is especially important in quantum mechanics, quantum field theory, and particle physics, as well as in classical wave phenomena like light scattering. Basic Principle Scattering involves an incident wave or particle that is…
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Simple Harmonic Motion
Introduction Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM) is a type of periodic motion where the restoring force is directly proportional to the displacement and acts in the direction opposite to that of displacement. It is an important concept in physics due to its wide applicability in various phenomena such as pendulums, spring-mass systems, and oscillations in electrical…
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Snell’s Law
Introduction Snell’s Law, also known as the law of refraction, describes the relationship between the angles of incidence and refraction when a wave passes from one medium to another. It is a fundamental concept in the study of optics and wave propagation. Statement of Snell’s Law The law states that the ratio of the sine…
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Sound Waves
Introduction Sound waves are mechanical waves that propagate through a medium (like air, water, or solids) as a result of vibrations, creating pressure variations that the human ear detects as sound. They are longitudinal waves, where the oscillations occur in the direction of wave propagation. Speed of Sound The speed of sound varies depending on…
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Special Relativity
Introduction Special relativity is a theory in physics formulated by Albert Einstein in 1905. It describes the laws of physics that apply to all non-accelerating observers and states that the speed of light in a vacuum is the same for all observers, regardless of their motion or the motion of the source of light. Postulates…
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Spectroscopy
Introduction Spectroscopy is a scientific method used to investigate and measure the interaction of various types of electromagnetic radiation with matter. The spectrum obtained provides a lot of information about the physical and chemical properties of the substance under investigation. Types of Spectroscopy There are various types of spectroscopy, classified based on the nature of…