Category: TruPHY 201
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Chapter 12: Resistors in Series and Parallel
12.1 Introduction to Resistors In electrical circuits, resistors are often connected in various configurations to control current flow and voltage distribution. Two common resistor arrangements are series and parallel. In this chapter, we will discuss the properties of resistors in series and parallel configurations, as well as how to analyze and calculate the equivalent resistance…
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Chapter 11: Electromotive Force
11.1 Introduction to Electromotive Force Electromotive force (EMF) is a concept in electromagnetism that refers to the potential difference across a source of electrical energy, such as a battery or a generator. EMF is responsible for driving electric current through a circuit. In this chapter, we will explore the concept of EMF and its role…
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Chapter 10: Resistance and Resistivity
10.1 Introduction to Resistance Resistance is a property of a material that opposes the flow of electric current. It is a measure of how difficult it is for current to pass through a conductor. In this chapter, we will explore the concept of resistance and its relationship to current, voltage, and the physical properties of…
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Chapter 9: Current
9.1 Introduction to Electric Current Electric current is the flow of electric charge through a conducting medium, such as a wire or a circuit. The movement of charged particles, typically electrons, results in the transfer of energy and information through the medium. In this chapter, we will explore the properties and characteristics of electric current,…
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Chapter 8: Dielectrics
8.1 Introduction to Dielectrics A dielectric is an insulating material that can be polarized by an applied electric field. Dielectrics are used in capacitors to increase their capacitance and to prevent the flow of direct current between the conducting plates. In this chapter, we will discuss the properties of dielectric materials and their effects on…
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Chapter 7: Capacitors
7.1 Introduction to Capacitors Capacitors are passive electrical components that store electrical energy in an electric field. They consist of two conductive plates separated by an insulator (dielectric) material. Capacitors are widely used in electronic circuits for various purposes, such as energy storage, filtering, and coupling or decoupling of signals. 7.2 Capacitance Capacitance is defined…
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Chapter 6: The Gradient Operator
6.1 Introduction to the Gradient Operator The gradient operator () is a vector differential operator that helps understand how a scalar field changes in space. In the context of electric potential, the gradient operator allows us to find the electric field given the electric potential. 6.2 The Gradient Operator Defined The gradient operator is defined…
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Chapter 5: Electric Potential Energy
5.1 Introduction to Electric Potential Energy Electric potential energy is the energy an electrically charged object possesses due to its position within an electric field. This type of energy is a scalar quantity and is an essential concept for understanding the behavior of charged particles in electric fields. 5.2 Definition of Electric Potential Energy The…
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Chapter 4: Gauss’ Law
4.1 Introduction to Gauss’ Law Gauss’ Law is a fundamental principle in electromagnetism that relates the net electric flux through a closed surface to the total charge enclosed by that surface. This law helps simplify the calculation of electric fields in situations with symmetry and is crucial in understanding the behavior of electric fields around…
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Chapter 3: Electric Flux
3.1 Introduction to Electric Flux Electric flux is a measure of the electric field passing through a given surface. It helps us understand how the electric field interacts with objects and how charges distribute themselves on the surfaces of objects. In this chapter, we will discuss the concept of electric flux in more detail and…