Tag: Index
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Scattering Theory
Introduction Scattering theory is a framework in physics that is used to study and understand the interactions of particles and fields. It is especially important in quantum mechanics, quantum field theory, and particle physics, as well as in classical wave phenomena like light scattering. Basic Principle Scattering involves an incident wave or particle that is…
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Simple Harmonic Motion
Introduction Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM) is a type of periodic motion where the restoring force is directly proportional to the displacement and acts in the direction opposite to that of displacement. It is an important concept in physics due to its wide applicability in various phenomena such as pendulums, spring-mass systems, and oscillations in electrical…
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Snell’s Law
Introduction Snell’s Law, also known as the law of refraction, describes the relationship between the angles of incidence and refraction when a wave passes from one medium to another. It is a fundamental concept in the study of optics and wave propagation. Statement of Snell’s Law The law states that the ratio of the sine…
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Sound Waves
Introduction Sound waves are mechanical waves that propagate through a medium (like air, water, or solids) as a result of vibrations, creating pressure variations that the human ear detects as sound. They are longitudinal waves, where the oscillations occur in the direction of wave propagation. Speed of Sound The speed of sound varies depending on…
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Special Relativity
Introduction Special relativity is a theory in physics formulated by Albert Einstein in 1905. It describes the laws of physics that apply to all non-accelerating observers and states that the speed of light in a vacuum is the same for all observers, regardless of their motion or the motion of the source of light. Postulates…
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Spectroscopy
Introduction Spectroscopy is a scientific method used to investigate and measure the interaction of various types of electromagnetic radiation with matter. The spectrum obtained provides a lot of information about the physical and chemical properties of the substance under investigation. Types of Spectroscopy There are various types of spectroscopy, classified based on the nature of…
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Speed
Introduction Speed is a fundamental concept in physics that describes how quickly an object moves. It is a scalar quantity, meaning it has magnitude but no direction. The SI unit of speed is the meter per second (). Velocity, is speed plus some direction. Velocity is a vector quantity. Average and Instantaneous Speed Average speed…
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Static Electricity
Introduction Static electricity is a phenomenon where electric charges build up on the surface of a material, typically an insulator or a non-conductor of electricity. This accumulation of charge remains in one area rather than moving or flowing away, thus termed as ‘static’. The effect is usually caused by friction, where contact between surfaces results…
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Strong Nuclear Force
Introduction The strong nuclear force, also known as the strong interaction or the strong force, is one of the four fundamental forces of nature. It is the force responsible for binding protons and neutrons together in atomic nuclei. The strong force is approximately 100 times stronger than the electromagnetic force, a million times stronger than…
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Superconductivity
Introduction Superconductivity is a quantum mechanical phenomenon where certain materials can conduct electric current with zero electrical resistance. This state occurs below a certain temperature, known as the critical temperature (). BCS Theory The underlying theory of superconductivity is the BCS theory (Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer theory). This theory explains superconductivity as a state in which electrons with…