Tag: Superconductivity
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Yttrium Barium Copper Oxide (YBCO)
Introduction Yttrium Barium Copper Oxide (YBCO) is a type of cuprate high-temperature superconductor characterized by the formula (often abbreviated to Y-123). These materials exhibit superconductivity—a phenomenon characterized by the complete absence of electrical resistance—at temperatures significantly higher than traditional superconductors, often above the boiling point of liquid nitrogen (-196 °C or 77 K), which makes…
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Josephson Effect
Introduction The Josephson Effect is a quantum mechanical phenomenon involving pairs of superconductors separated by a thin insulating barrier, known as a Josephson junction. This effect, named after the British physicist Brian D. Josephson, who predicted it in 1962, allows for the tunneling of Cooper pairs across the barrier, leading to a supercurrent. Basics of…
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Chapter 21: Superconductivity
21.1 Introduction In this chapter, we will discuss superconductivity, a remarkable phenomenon in which certain materials exhibit zero electrical resistance when cooled below a critical temperature. Superconductivity has important applications in various fields, including medical imaging, transportation, and energy transmission. 21.2 Superconductivity Basics Superconductivity is a state in which a material exhibits zero electrical resistance,…
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Ginzburg-Landau Theory
Introduction The Ginzburg-Landau (GL) theory, named after physicists Vitaly Ginzburg and Lev Landau, is a phenomenological theory that describes superconductivity and superfluidity. It was originally developed to explain the behavior of superconductors near their critical temperature. Ginzburg-Landau Free Energy The GL theory is based on the concept of a complex order parameter , which characterizes…
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Superconductivity
Introduction Superconductivity is a quantum mechanical phenomenon where certain materials can conduct electric current with zero electrical resistance. This state occurs below a certain temperature, known as the critical temperature (). BCS Theory The underlying theory of superconductivity is the BCS theory (Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer theory). This theory explains superconductivity as a state in which electrons with…